Search results for " unemployment"

Crises, Labor Market Policy, and Unemployment

2013

Using a sample of 97 countries spanning the period 1980?2008, we estimate that financial crises have a large negative impact on unemployment in the short term, but that this effect rapidly disappears in the medium term in countries with flexible labor market institutions, whereas the impact of financial crises is less pronounced but more persistent in countries with more rigid labor market institutions. These effects are even larger for youth unemployment in the short term and long-term unemployment in the medium term. Conversely, large upfront, or gradual but significant, comprehensive labor market policies have a positive impact on unemployment, albeit only in the medium term.

Banking Crises, Labor Market Reforms and Unemployment

2013

How Do Institutions Affect Structural Unemployment in Times of Crises?

2012

This paper examines the effect of economic crises on structural unemployment using an Autoregressive Distributed Lags model and accounting for the role of institutional settings on an unbalanced panel of 30 OECD economies from 1960 to 2006. We found that downturns have, on average, a significant positive impact on the level of structural unemployment rate. The maximum impact varies with the severity of the downturn. Institutions (such as employment protection legislation, average replacement ratio and product market regulation) influence both the extent of the initial shock and the adjustment pattern in the aftermath of an economic downturn.

Baltijas Psiholoģijas žurnāls

2013

Riin Seema, Anna Sircova. Mindfulness – a Time Perspective? Estonian Study ; Emīls Kālis, Līga Roķe, Indra Krūmiņa. Indicators of Creative Potential in Drawings: Proposing New Criteria for Assessment of Creative Potential with the Test for Creative Thinking – Drawing Production ; Ieva Urbanaviciute, Antanas Kairys, Inga Juodkune, Audrone Liniauskaite. The Lithuanian Version of the Global Motivation Scale: Testing Its Reliability and Factorial Validity ; Maruta Ludāne, Ieva Bite. Predictors of Cognitive Appraisal of Job Loss among the Unemployed Aged over 45 Years ; Per Eisele. Pooling Unshared Information: Comparing Computer-Mediated Group Discussion with Face-to-Face Group Discussion and E…

Entrepreneurship Training and Self-Employment among University Graduates

2012

In economies characterized by low labor demand and high rates of youth unemployment, entrepreneurship training has the potential to enable youth to gain skills and create their own jobs. This paper presents experimental evidence on a new entrepreneurship track that provides business training and personalized coaching to university students in Tunisia. Undergraduates in the final year of licence appliquee were given the opportunity to graduate with a business plan instead of following the standard curriculum. This paper relies on randomized assignment of the entrepreneurship track to identify impacts on labor market outcomes one year after graduation. The analysis finds that the entrepreneur…

Graduate employment and the returns to higher education in Africa

2013

http://cemapre.iseg.utl.pt/educonf/2e3/files/submissions_to_web/Barounia%20Mahdi_Broeckeb%20%20Stijn.docx; In this paper, we estimate the return to higher education for 12 African countries using recent data and a variety of methods. Importantly, one of our methods adjusts for the effect of higher education on the rate of joblessness, which is substantial in most African countries, and particularly for women. Our results confirm that Mincerian coefficients cannot be interpreted as a true rate of return, and that the latter (even after taking into account the employment effect) is considerably lower than what has previously been suggested in the literature (less than half). For Sub-Saharan A…

Les jeunes issus de l'immigration. De l'enseignement supérieur au marché du travail

2004

04038http://www.cereq.fr/pdf/b205.pdf; Souvent d'origine sociale défavorisée, les jeunes issus de l'immigration sont proportionnellement moins nombreux que les autres à poursuivre leurs études après le baccalauréat. Même lorsque tel est le cas, leur passage par l'enseignement supérieur ne parvient pas toujours à gommer le poids de leur origine, en particulier lorsqu'ils sont issus de l'immigration nord-africaine. Plus souvent confrontés au chômage, à la précarité de l'emploi, les jeunes d'origine maghrébine, et notamment les jeunes femmes, ont en effet plus de difficultés à entrer dans la vie active. Pour accéder à leur premier emploi, ils ont fréquemment recours à l'intérim, au travail sai…

Role of NGOs in the implementation of active labour market policies

2012

PurposeThis is a mixed method comparative case study. The aim of this paper is to find the role played by non‐governmental organizations (NGOs) in the implementation of the active labour market policies (ALMPs) of Finland and Sweden, and also the relationship that the NGOs have with the government of the two countries.Design/methodology/approachTwo NGOs were selected in Finland and one NGO was selected in Sweden for the data collection. The two selected NGOs in Finland were Jyväskylän Katulähetys in the City of Jyväskylä and Pirkanmaan Sininauha in the City of Tampere. Meanwhile, the one selected NGO in Sweden was Stockholms Stadsmission in the City of Stockholm. Primary data were collected…

SUPPLY, DEMAND, FORECAST OF LATVIAN LABOUR MARKET AND TOOLS FOR ITS DEVELOPMENT

2015

Many factors influence situation on Latvian labour market. Employment is one of the core subject to explorer observing changes of labour market supply, demand and forecasts. Focusing on organisational problems concerning labour issues the microenvironment of the organisations ought to be study. The authors would like to compare Latvian labour market forecasts and the real situation for the period starting from the economic crises year 2009 in Latvia to 2015. Reaching the objective of the study additionally, the data on labour market structure is observed focusing on young participants of the employment process (new enterprises and young employees, job seekers). Describing the forecasts fulf…

Western European Studies: Economics

2004

In this entry, we overview major developments of Western European studies in Economics in the last two decades. Given the richness of contributions in this field, we decided to restrict our discussion to three general topics: the theory of economic and financial integration; the economics of unemployment and the microeconomic foundations of market regulation. In the Section 1, we present the evolutions of thought on European monetary and economic integration, with particular emphasis on the discussion of exchange rate regimes, the role of policy authorities, and the cost–benefit analysis related to the establishment of a European monetary union. In Section 2, we examine some results produce…